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Orange juice prices hit record high

Cold weather in Florida and safety concerns about juice from Brazil are driving the price of orange juice to a record high.

US auto industry expects profits in 2012

At this week's Detroit auto show, experts say the American auto industry is on the road to recovery

Decoding Ben Bernanke and the Fed: What is money, anyway?

The answer is not as simple as you think.
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(Bay Ismoyo/AFP/Getty Images)

Hooray for Jon Hilsenrath, the Wall Street Journal's chief economics correspondent.

Hilsenrath has done the world a favor by writing this must-read story on the Journal's excellent Real Time Economics blog: "What is Money and How Do You Destroy It?"

It's 2,129 smart, well-researched and deeply-reported words that anyone who's interested in how the economy really works should read.

In it, Hilsenrath deconstructs the many Republican presidential candidate criticisms of Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke's policies, which Newt Gingrich calls "the most inflationary and dangerous in history."

But he also delves into deeper historical, philosophical and economic questions such as:

What is money? (It's a medium of exchange).

How much money is out there, and what's it worth? (It's complicated as the vast majority of money in the US economy isn't paper or coins, but rather "a bunch of zeroes and ones, electronic accounts in computer systems that tally who owes what to whom," Hilsenrath writes).

How to know whether all the new electronically generated money is destroying the dollar? (The dollar's value has been "on a roller coaster" since the 2008 Great Recession, and today it's worth just about the same as it was just before the collapse of Lehman Brothers). 

How has inflation fared under Bernanke's Fed? ("Inflation might take off and wreck the purchasing power of a dollar. But official statistics suggest it hasn’t yet happened," he writes).

The piece ends on a cautionary note about the dollar's more recent value, and as the point bears remembering I'll quote Hilsenrath in full:

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US-China: Hints of a trade war?

China will impose punitive duties of up to 22 percent on large cars and SUVs exported from the US.
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A model relaxes her foot beside a Buick during the Auto China 2008 show April 20, 2008 in Beijing, China. (Feng Li/Getty Images)

This is not what the fragile global economy needs right now. And it's certainly not what fragile Detroit needs, either. 

China's Commerce Ministry today said that it is imposing tariffs on large cars and SUVs exported from the United States.

Those duties could be as much as 22 percent, Reuters reported. And they will be tacked on to an existing 25 percent tariff that's imposed on US auto exports in China.

Reaction by US lawmakers has been, not surprisingly, swift:

"China relentlessly breaks international trade rules and seeks to gain an anti-competitive advantage over our companies and workers. America must be equally relentless in fighting back," said Sen. Debbie Stabenow, who represents Michigan.

Stabenow wants the USTR to take action. Four US House of Representative members agree, and called Beijing's move "unjustifiable" and "one more instance of impermissible Chinese retaliation against the United States and other trading partners," according to Reuters.

This latest trade mash-up comes at a particularly bad time for Detroit as US automakers have been aggressively targeting China, the world's biggest market for autos.

More from Thomas Mucha: Can China save General Motors?

But auto sales in China have slowed dramatically, so Beijing is stepping in to protect its homegrown industry.

“The move shows that China is always capable of intervening politically in its markets,” Urgent Pepper, an analyst with Bankhaus Metzler told Bloomberg. “The automobile industry is very dependent on China for growth, and there's doubts about the pace of future expansion.”

Today's spat is also part of a longer-running auto trade fight between the world's two largest economies.

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Federal Reserve leaves US rates unchanged

Will they? Won't they? They won't.
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Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke on Capitol Hill July 21, 2010, in Washington, DC on July 21, 2010. (Brendan Smialowski/Getty Images)

Forget Europe's pending euro meltdown, China's manufacturing slowdown and the general economic unease spreading across most of planet Earth.

It appears that the US economy is doing just fine. 

That's the signal, anyway, from the US Federal Reserve, which today decided against cutting interest rates or doing much else to stimulate the US economy. 

The nation's employment and inflation watchdog says it is leaving short-term interest rates at near zero.

Why?

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